Coin Portraying Emperor Septimius Severus, 159-138 BCE.Tetradrachm (Coin) Portraying Alexander the Great, 336-323 BCE.As (Coin) Portraying Agrippa, 14-37 or 37-41?.Denarius (Coin) Portraying Ahenobarbus, 41 BCE.Aureus (Coin) Portraying Emperor Gordian III, 239 (late July-December), issued by Gordian III.Antoninianus (Coin) Portraying Emperor Pupienus, 238 (April-June), issued by Balbinus and Pupienus, coemperors.Antoninianus (Coin) Portraying Emperor Balbinus, 238 (April-June), issued by Balbinus and Pupienus.Antoninianus (Coin) Portraying Empress Marcia Otacilia Severa, 248, issued by Emperor Philip the Arab.Didrachm (Coin) Depicting the Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux), 225-214 BCE, issued by the Roman Republic.Denarius (Coin) Portraying Pompey the Great, 42-40 BCE, issued by Roman Republic, Sextus Pompeius Magnus.Ryerson Reference Number 1922.4856 IIIF Manifest The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) represents a set of open standards that enables rich access to digital media from libraries, archives, museums, and other cultural institutions around the world. "Divine Julius" Dimensions Diam.: 2 cm (13/16 in.) Credit Line Gift of Martin A. Status On View, Gallery 153 Department Arts of the Ancient Mediterranean and Byzantium Culture Ancient Roman Title Denarius (Coin) Portraying Emperor Augustus Place Spain (Minted in) Date 19 BCE–18 BCE Medium Silver Inscriptions Obverse: CAESAR AVGVSTVS Augustus (reigned 27 BC–AD 14), was the first Roman emperor and dictated that he retain his youthful appearance in his portraits throughout his lifetime. Early imperial coin portraits included individualized features that identified each ruler.
The front (obverse) of this coin portrays the head of Roman Emperor Augustus facing left, with a civic oak crown. The coins were then struck, one by one, in a process similar to how coins are created today.
The tiny images were carved by engravers into bronze dies, with one for the front and another for the back. Until Late Antiquity, portraits usually appeared in profile. While the front side depicted the sovereign’s portrait, the back was often used to communicate the ruler’s accomplishments or aspirations. Inscriptions on coins help identify the ruler. Thereafter, profile portraits of rulers or other members of the imperial family became the standard subject on coins throughout the Roman Empire. It was not until 44 BCE that the portrait of a living person-Julius Caesar-appeared on coins. Early coins depicted the heads of gods and goddesses on the front side, often in profile, while the back depicted animals, natural resources, symbols, and references to historical events. The same was true in ancient Rome, which began producing its first coinage in the late 4th century BCE. Portraits of important people appear on local currency all around the world.
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